Elon Musk says the surgical scalpel is about to lose its top billing to algorithms and actuators, predicting “robots will surpass good human surgeons within a few years and the best human surgeons within ~5 years.”
What Happened: Replying to tech commentator Mario Nawfal’s post on X touting robot-run operating rooms, Musk added that Neuralink “had to use a robot for the brain-computer electrode insertion, as it was impossible for a human to achieve the required speed and precision.”
Neuralink’s R1 machine places 64 hair-thin threads into the cortex in about 15 minutes, steering past blood vessels with micron-level accuracy, according to the company’s hardware blog and earlier public demos. The robot is now part of the PRIME human trial testing the N1 wireless implant in patients with paralysis.
Musk’s timeline lands as autonomous systems notch real-world wins. Johns Hopkins’ Smart Tissue Autonomous Robot recently stitched pig intestines with leak-free precision that matched or beat experienced surgeons. A January study cited by Reuters even found robots reduced complications in complex liver procedures versus open surgery.
Even semi-autonomous platforms are surging: Intuitive Surgical says its surgeon-controlled da Vinci systems have logged nearly 17 million procedures worldwide. Peer-reviewed analyses report that algorithm-guided suturing and screw placement now outperform human averages for accuracy and consistency.
Why It Matters: Musk isn’t the only one backing humanoid robots to replace skilled hospital doctors. Bill Gates, in a recent chat, mentioned that he foresees robots with dexterous “hands” making it routine to staff hospitals, adding that he’s certain that his kids and grandkids will live in a “very changed world”.
Meanwhile, Musk also believes Neuralink will help restore vision for the “completely blind,” pointing to early milestones such as implant recipient Noland Arbaugh, who now controls a computer cursor with his thoughts. The bold promise has drawn skeptics, including former White House strategist Steve Bannon, who recently blasted Musk and Neuralink in an interview.
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